Question 1:

What is the effect of water-cement ratio on the permeability of hardened concrete? How does permeability affect the durability of the concrete structure?

Question 2:

What does the term õring concrete-ean? What will happen if concrete is not cured adequately?

Question 3:

Discuss five different methods of concrete curing.

Question 4:

Why is extra water harmful to fresh concrete but good for concrete after it reaches its final set?

Question 5:

Discuss the change in volume of concrete at early ages.

Question 6:

Discuss three different types of ready-mixed concrete.

Question 7:

What is consolidation of concrete? Describe different methods for consolidating concrete for small and large jobs. 

Question 8:

Describe five tests of hardened concrete.

Question 9:

On a graph, draw a sketch showing the typical relationship between the stress and strain of concrete specimen with high and low water-cement ratios. Label axes and curves. Comment on the effect of increasing the water-cement ratio on the stress-strain response.

Question 10:

Discuss two nondestructive tests to be performed on hardened concrete. Show the basic principles behind the tests and how they are performed.